The basic parts of a sentence are the subject, the verb, and the object. The subject and object can be a pronoun or a noun phrase. Usually a statement begins with the subject and the verb. We divide verbs into three kinds: intransitive verbs(vi.), transitive verbs(vt.), and linking verbs(linking v.). 1.An intransitive verb does not take an object. The sentence structure is like this: S + V —— [The temperature] (drops). 2.A transitive verb takes an object. The verb tells us what the subject does to something else (the object). The sentence structure is like this: S + V + O —— [The cat] (drinks) . 3.A linking verb links the subject and the adjective phrase or noun phrase that describes it. A word or a group of words that follows a linking verb is the predicative(P). The sentence structure is like this: S + V + P —— [The girl] (is) /beautiful/. 4.Some transitive verbs can take two objects, the direct object (DO) and the indirect object(IO).The sentence structure is like this: S + V + IO + DO —— [Hobo] (brought) {Eddie} . *We can change the structure S + V + IO + DO with for. Hobo built Eddie a tent. —— Hobo built a tent for Eddie. 5.The complement can also follow a direct object to rename or describe it. In this case, it is called the object complement(OC). The sentence structure is like this： S + V + DO + OC —— [Eddie] (is watching) work. We can add an adverbial to each of the above five main structures. We use an adverbial to show when (adverbial of time), where (adverbial of place) or how (adverbial of manner) an action is done. Hobo built Eddie a tent with sticks at the beach yesterday.
We can use to-infinitives to express purpose. e.g. I often go to the market to watch the birds Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things. We can also use in order to to express purpose. This is more formal than using to-infinitives. e.g. Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings. Take a notebook with you in order to write down what you see.
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We can use verbs and to-infinitives together. At four months old, she started to go out side for the first time. When she was six months old, she began to eat bamboo. When she was 20 months old, she learnt to look after herself. We often use to-infinitives after these verbs. agree begin decide fail forget hope learn plan prepare remember try want
We use should and had better when giving advice and telling people what we think is the best or right thing to do. The tone of had better is stronger than should. e.g. you should know a little about DIY. You should not put so many books on the shelf. Your watch is broken. You had better buy a new one. You had better not be late for school.
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